Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-75dct Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-02T04:55:21.588Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Epidemiology of Community Clostridium difficile Infection: A Five-Year Population-Based Study on the Bailiwick of Jersey, Channel Islands

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2018

Shankar Kumar ,
Irina Chis Ster ,
Richard Pollok ,
Ivan Muscat  and
Timothy D. Planche
Shankar Kumar
Affiliation:
Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Irina Chis Ster
Affiliation:
Institute of Infection and Immunity, St George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom
Richard Pollok
Affiliation:
Department of Gastroenterology, St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
Ivan Muscat
Affiliation:
Microbiology Department, Jersey General Hospital, Jersey, Channel Islands
Timothy D. Planche*
Affiliation:
Institute of Infection and Immunity, St George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom
*
Address correspondence to Dr Timothy Planche, Institute of Infection and Immunity, St George’s University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, United Kingdom (tplanche@sgul.ac.uk).
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

We studied healthcare-associated and community-associated Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in Jersey, Channel Islands (2008–2012). The Island’s stable population has reliable denominator data, a clearly defined at-risk population, and healthcare contact that is easily followed. The vast majority of CDI cases had had recent healthcare contact, and true community-associated disease is extremely rare.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:603–607

Type
Concise Communications
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 39 , Issue 5 , May 2018 , pp. 603 - 607
Copyright
© 2018 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Sohn, S, Climo, M, Diekema, D, et al. Varying rates of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea at prevention epicenter hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2005;26:676–679.Google Scholar
2. Archibald, LK, Banerjee, SN, Jarvis, WR. Secular trends in hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile disease in the United States, 1987–2001. J Infect Dis 2004;189:1585–1589.Google Scholar
3. Miller, MA, Hyland, M, Ofner-Agostini, M, Gourdeau, M, Ishak, M, Canadian Hospital Epidemiology Committee. Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program. Morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burden of nosocomial Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in Canadian hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2002;23:137–140.Google Scholar
4. Hirschhorn, LR, Trnka, Y, Onderdonk, A, Lee, ML, Platt, R. Epidemiology of community-acquired Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea. J Infect Dis 1994;169:127–133.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5. Karlstrom, O, Fryklund, B, Tullus, K, Burman, LG. A prospective nationwide study of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in Sweden. The Swedish C. difficile Study Group. Clin Infect Dis 1998;26:141–145.Google Scholar
6. Levy, DG, Stergachis, A, McFarland, LV, et al. Antibiotics and Clostridium difficile diarrhea in the ambulatory care setting. Clin Therapeut 2000;22:91–102.Google Scholar
7. Noren, T, Akerlund, T, Back, E, et al. Molecular epidemiology of hospital-associated and community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection in a Swedish county. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42:3635–3643.Google Scholar
8. Wilcox, MH, Mooney, L, Bendall, R, Settle, CD, Fawley, WN. A case-control study of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008;62:388–396.Google Scholar
9. Dial, S, Delaney, JA, Barkun, AN, Suissa, S. Use of gastric acid-suppressive agents and the risk of community-acquired Clostridium difficile-associated disease. JAMA 2005;294:2989–2995.Google Scholar
10. Marwick, CA, Yu, N, Lockhart, MC, et al. Community-associated Clostridium difficile infection among older people in Tayside, Scotland, is associated with antibiotic exposure and care home residence: cohort study with nested case control. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013;68:2927–2933.Google Scholar
11. Gupta, A, Khanna, S. Community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection: an increasing public health threat. Infect Drug Resist 2014;7:63–72.Google ScholarPubMed
12. Khanna, S, Pardi, DS, Aronson, SL, et al. The epidemiology of community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection: a population-based study. Am J Gastroenterol 2012;107:89–95.Google Scholar
13. Kotila, SM, Mentula, S, Ollgren, J, Virolainen-Julkunen, A, Lyytikainen, O. Community- and healthcare-associated Clostridium difficile infections, Finland, 2008–2013. Emerg Infect Dis 2016;22:1747–1753.Google Scholar
14. Kuijper, EJ, Coignard, B, Tull, P, et al. Emergence of Clostridium difficile-associated disease in North America and Europe. Clin Microbiol Infect 2006;12(Suppl 6):2–18.Google Scholar
15. Tschudin-Sutter, S, Tamma, PD, Naegeli, AN, Speck, KA, Milstone, AM, Perl, TM. Distinguishing community-associated from hospital-associated Clostridium difficile infections in children: implications for public health surveillance. Clin Infect Dis 2013;57:1665–1672.Google Scholar
16. Report on the 2011 Jersey Census. States of Jersey website. http://www.gov.je/SiteCollectionDocuments/Government%20and%20administration/R%20CensusReport%2020120808%20SU.pdf. Published 2012. Accessed February 8, 2018.Google Scholar
17. Kumar, S, Pollok, R, Muscat, I, Planche, T. Diagnosis and outcome of Clostridium difficile infection by toxin enzyme immunoassay and polymerase chain reaction in an island population. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017;32:415–419.Google Scholar
18. Lessa, FC, Mu, Y, Bamberg, WM, et al. Burden of Clostridium difficile infection in the United States. New Engl J Med 2015;372:825–834.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19. Goorhuis, A, Bakker, D, Corver, J, et al. Emergence of Clostridium difficile infection due to a new hypervirulent strain, polymerase chain reaction ribotype 078. Clin Infect Dis 2008;47:1162–1170.Google Scholar
20. Elliott, B, Chang, BJ, Golledge, CL, Riley, TV. Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea. Intern Med J 2007;37:561–568.Google Scholar
21. Pepin, J, Valiquette, L, Cossette, B. Mortality attributable to nosocomial Clostridium difficile-associated disease during an epidemic caused by a hypervirulent strain in Quebec. CMAJ 2005;173:1037–1042.Google Scholar
22. Garg, S, Mirza, YR, Girotra, M, et al. Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD): a shift from hospital-acquired infection to long-term care facility-based infection. Digest Dis Sci 2013;58:3407–3412.Google Scholar
23. Bauer, MP, Notermans, DW, van Benthem, BH, et al. Clostridium difficile infection in Europe: a hospital-based survey. Lancet 2011;377:63–73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24. Davies, KA, Longshaw, CM, Davis, GL, et al. Underdiagnosis of Clostridium difficile across Europe: the European, multicentre, prospective, biannual, point-prevalence study of Clostridium difficile infection in hospitalised patients with diarrhoea (EUCLID). Lancet Infect Dis 2014;14:1208–1219.Google Scholar
25. Chitnis, AS, Holzbauer, SM, Belflower, RM, et al. Epidemiology of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection, 2009 through 2011. JAMA Intern Med 2013;173:1359–1367.Google Scholar