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Pain Influences Neuropsychological Performance Following Electrical Injury: A Cross-Sectional Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 January 2022

Katherine E. Dorociak Open the ORCID record for Katherine E. Dorociak [Opens in a new window] ,
Jason R. Soble Open the ORCID record for Jason R. Soble [Opens in a new window] ,
Patricia A. Rupert ,
Joseph W. Fink ,
Raphael C. Lee ,
Magdalena Anitescu ,
David Weiss ,
Gerald Cooke ,
Zachary J. Resch Open the ORCID record for Zachary J. Resch [Opens in a new window]  and
Neil H. Pliskin
Katherine E. Dorociak*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Jason R. Soble
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Neurology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
Patricia A. Rupert
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Joseph W. Fink
Affiliation:
The Chicago Electrical Trauma Rehabilitation Institute, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Raphael C. Lee
Affiliation:
The Chicago Electrical Trauma Rehabilitation Institute, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Surgery, Medicine, Anatomy and Organismal Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Magdalena Anitescu
Affiliation:
The Chicago Electrical Trauma Rehabilitation Institute, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
David Weiss
Affiliation:
The Chicago Electrical Trauma Rehabilitation Institute, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Gerald Cooke
Affiliation:
The Chicago Electrical Trauma Rehabilitation Institute, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, U.S. Physiatry, LLC, Riverforest, IL, USA
Zachary J. Resch
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
Neil H. Pliskin
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Neurology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA The Chicago Electrical Trauma Rehabilitation Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
*
*Correspondence and reprint requests to: Katherine E. Dorociak, Department of Psychology, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. E-mail: katiedorociak@gmail.com
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Abstract

Objective:

Electrical injury (EI) is a significant, multifaceted trauma often with multi-domain cognitive sequelae, even when the expected current path does not pass through the brain. Chronic pain (CP) research suggests pain may affect cognition directly and indirectly by influencing emotional distress which then impacts cognitive functioning. As chronic pain may be critical to understanding EI-related cognitive difficulties, the aims of the current study were: examine the direct and indirect effects of pain on cognition following EI and compare the relationship between pain and cognition in EI and CP populations.

Method:

This cross-sectional study used data from a clinical sample of 50 patients with EI (84.0% male; M age = 43.7 years) administered standardized measures of pain (Pain Patient Profile), depression, and neurocognitive functioning. A CP comparison sample of 93 patients was also included.

Results:

Higher pain levels were associated with poorer attention/processing speed and executive functioning performance among patients with EI. Depression was significantly correlated with pain and mediated the relationship between pain and attention/processing speed in patients with EI. When comparing the patients with EI and CP, the relationship between pain and cognition was similar for both clinical groups.

Conclusions:

Findings indicate that pain impacts mood and cognition in patients with EI, and the influence of pain and its effect on cognition should be considered in the assessment and treatment of patients who have experienced an electrical injury.

Keywords

Electrical injuryNervesChronic painAssessmentTraumatic injuryCognitionPsychopathologyMediation
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 29 , Issue 1 , January 2023 , pp. 35 - 45
Copyright
Copyright © INS. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2022

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